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Liu Shaoqi (Liu Shao-ch'i, 24 November 1898 – 12 November 1969) was a Chinese revolutionary, statesman, and theorist. He was Chairman of the People's Republic of China, China's head of state, from 27 April 1959 to 31 October 1968, during which he implemented policies of economic reconstruction in China.<br/><br/> Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.<br/><br/> Zhu De was a Chinese Communist military leader and statesman. He is regarded as the founder of the Chinese Red Army (the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army) and the tactician who engineered the victory of the People's Republic of China during the Chinese Civil War.
Dong Biwu (Wade-Gles: Tung Pi-wu) was born in Huanggang, Hubei. In 1911 he joined the Tongmenghui, and participated in the Xinhai Revolution. Twice he went to Japan to study at Nihon University. In 1921 he attended the 1st Congress of the Communist Party of China as a representative of Wuhan. Mao Zedong and Dong Biwu were the only two men to attend both the 1st Congress and the establishment of the People's Republic of China at Tiananmen in 1949.<br/><br/> He was Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China from 1959 until 1975, jointly with Song Qingling, and after 1968 he was - until 1972 jointly with Song Qingling - Acting President of the People's Republic of China. In 1975, the office of president was abolished and the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress - then Zhu De - became formal head of state. Dong was elected Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of People's National Congress.<br/><br/> Dong was a member of Politburo of the Communist Party of China from 1945 to 1975. He was elected one of nine members of the Standing Committee of the Politburo at 10th Congress of the Communist Party in 1973.